Among these the most vulnerable are certainly the sea turtle Caretta Caretta, along with whales and many seabirds such as, for example, Greater shearwater often victims of this type of pollution. But why is marine biodiversity so important? It represents the variety of living beings that in habit our seas at the level of genes, species, populations and ecosystems. It is based on fragile balances. From the survival of a single species can depend on the fate of an entire ecosystem and not only. Today millions of people depend on marine resources for their livelihood. If the marine ecosystems are well managed, they could generate much more than one might think and be able to sustain the communities even more robustly. Biodiversity is not uniformly distributed on Earth: it varies with latitude, altitude and other factors acting on a local scale. On a global scale, however, the most obvious report is between biodiversity and latitude: As we move biological diversity (number of species, diversity and complexity of environments) increases moving from the poles towards the equator. A fundamental role is definitely played by the solar radiation (and thus energy) that increases moving towards the equator. The latter in fact allows the coexistence of a higher number of different evolutionary strategies and therefore, in the long term, a greater number of species. Since, therefore, biodiversity and threats to it are not uniformly distributed on earth, and some species are more susceptible than others to the same threats, we can consider two possible conservation strategies. The first is conservation at the species level, identifying the endangered ones and implementing targeted actions for them; The second is conservation at the geographical area,identifying the sites that have a vast marine biodiversity but which are at the same time threatened. So we can't beholding hands. We sensitize and educate those around us, because only this is the rule for safeguarding.
Claudia Desogus
marine biologist - MEDSEA
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